AIDS 2008 - XVII INTERNATIONAL AIDS CONFERENCE (MEXICO) - 3

AIDS 2008 SPEAKERS HIGHLIGHT THE PERSISTENCE OF HIV AS CENTRAL CHALLENGE TO A CURE, THE NEED FOR A FAMILY-CENTERED APPROACH TO AFFECTED CHILDREN AND RESPECT FOR THE RIGHTS OF SEX WORKERS

(Condensed from the official press release of AIDS 2008)

7 August 2008 - Researchers, community and political leaders gathered in Mexico City for the XVII International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2008) today received an update on the future prospects of eradicating HIV, and were urged to give greater attention and resources to the needs of affected children, and to reject unproven strategies that ignore the realities of sex workers’ lives.

“The persistence of HIV in latent reservoirs presents a major challenge to the ultimate goal of eradicating HIV from the human body,” said Dr. Pedro Cahn, International Co-Chair of AIDS 2008. Thus, while researchers seek answers to this and other key scientific questions, it is important that the prevention and treatment knowledge that already exists today not be squandered. Dr. Luís Soto Ramírez, Local Co-Chair of AIDS 2008 warned against ignoring the needs of children affected by HIV, and continuing to marginalize groups at greatest risk for infection, which will only lead to more new infections and fewer people on treatment. “We will pay for such foolishness in the future,” he said.

Dr. Robert Siliciano (United States) presented data on HIV persistence in people on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and the prospects for eradication of HIV. Siliciano demonstrated that HAART can stop viral replication of HIV but cannot eradicate it from the body because of the persistence of HIV in a reservoir of CD4 cells even during HAART. According to Siliciano, HAART’s demonstrated ability to stop replication is one of the three steps needed to cure HIV. The other two are identifying all the stable reservoirs for the virus, and finding ways to subsequently eliminate them.

An estimated 2.1 million children younger than 15 years were living with HIV in 2007, 90% of whom are in sub-Saharan Africa. More than 90% were infected through mother-to-child transmission. While access to treatment has increased substantially, it has been substantially lower for children than for adults. In her plenary address, Linda Richter argued that, while affected children have been highly visible in photo opportunities and headlines about AIDS, their real needs have been consistently overlooked. An estimated two million children are living with HIV today, and many millions more are directly affected by the epidemic through the illness and death of their parents or caregivers, emotional distress, material deprivation, and lack of access to treatment, support, basic health services and education. Richter called for the development of family-centered approaches to address the needs of all children affected by HIV/AIDS. She advocated that social protection services that support families and communities; economic assistance for poor families, particularly through income transfers; and, other steps be taken to alleviate the lot of children affected by HIV in both low- and high-prevalence settings.

Elena Reynaga (Argentina) issued a stirring call for the full recognition of sex workers’ (SWs) rights and for the ability of sex worker organizations to develop and implement effective HIV/AIDS programs rooted in the realities of their lives. According to Reynaga, current efforts to reduce HIV prevalence among SWs are hampered by inadequate funding and the misdirected investment of limited funds into programs that do not meet SW’s actual needs. Reynaga cited evidence that HIV prevalence has been lowered in regions such as South America, where sex work is actually recognized as “work” and SW organizations receive direct support. In Brazil, strategies that incorporate peer outreach, promotion of SW rights and the abolition of laws that repress sex work, have helped to control epidemics. Reynaga said that SWs are dying because of a lack of health services and HIV treatment. Fighting stigma and discrimination, and freedom from repression build an effective response to HIV among SWs.

Coming up tomorrow are sessions on the future of the epidemic and new directions in HIV research; building global and national commitments for evidence-based approaches; financing sustainable national health care; and, a family and community approach to prevention and care for sexual minorities.

A full list of all sessions and activities is available through the online Programme-at-a-Glance at www.aids2008.org.